| 摘要: | 研究背景：高齡人口大多患有慢性疾病，伴隨長期慢性病數據異常之情形，並可能引發高齡者眩暈、跌倒等狀況，影響其體適能表現與日常生活功能。近年有研究顯示社區進行慢性病數據篩檢可有效幫助高齡者控制慢性疾病。然而，目前社區大多僅提供血壓量測，且無進行定期數據紀錄與管理，而多數慢性病數據管理研究對象為已罹患疾病之高齡患者，其慢性病數據變化與體適能表現之間的關聯性亦較少研究探討，對於定期慢性病數據篩檢是否影響高齡者體適能表現尚不清楚。目的：本研究分析有無進行社區定期慢性病數據篩檢與高齡者體適能表現之相關性與差異。方法：本研究為次級資料分析研究，研究對象為65歲以上高齡者，研究資料來源地點為南港舊莊區民活動中心，本研究向南港舊莊社區發展協會申請使用去識別化之高齡者基本資料、慢性病數據(血壓、血糖、膽固醇、尿酸)、體適能與柏格氏平衡分數等，收集資料期間為111年10月至112年4月。統計軟體使用SPSS 18版，分析方法包含描述性統計、相依樣本t檢定、獨立樣本t檢定、共變數分析。結果：有無進行定期慢性病數據篩檢之正相關因素為是否參與社區運動（p < .001）。定期篩檢與功能性體適能30秒手臂捲起測驗（r = .402, p = .004）的變化有顯著正相關；共變數分析結果顯示，在有定期社區運動參與的影響下，有定期篩檢者相較無定期篩檢者，體適能之30秒肱二頭肌手臂屈舉（p < .001）、30秒椅子坐立（p < .001）、抓背測驗（右：p = .018，左：p = .014）、2分鐘原地抬膝踏步（p < .001）、2.44公尺椅子坐立繞物（p < .001）與柏格氏平衡量測分數（p < .001）有明顯的提升。結論：接受定期慢性病數據篩檢有助於改善高齡者的肌力。此外，搭配適當的運動可以幫助其功能性體適能及平衡能力的提升。
Research Background: The elderly commonly suffers from chronic diseases, accompanied by abnormal long-term chronic disease data, which may lead to dizziness and falls, affecting their physical fitness and daily functional abilities. Recent studies have shown that community-based chronic disease data screening can effectively assist the elderly in controlling chronic diseases. However, currently, most communities only provide blood pressure measurements, and there is a lack of regular data recording and management. Moreover, most chronic disease data management studies focus on elderly patients already diagnosed with diseases, with limited exploration of the relationship between changes in chronic disease data and physical fitness performance. The impact of regular chronic disease data screening on the physical fitness performance of the elderly remains unclear.Purpose: This study aims to analyze the differences in physical fitness performance among the elderly with and without regular community-based chronic disease data screening.Methods: This secondary data analysis study included participants aged 65 and above, sourced from the Nangang Jiuzhuang Community Activity Center. The study obtained de-identified basic information, chronic disease data (blood pressure, blood sugar, cholesterol, uric acid), functional fitness, and Berg Balance Scale scores from the Nangang Jiuzhuang Community Development Association. Data collection occurred from October 2022 to April 2023. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS version 18. The analysis methods include descriptive statistics, paired sample t-test, independent sample t-test, and ANCOVA.Results: Factors positively correlated with regular chronic disease data screening included participation in community sports(p < .001). Regular screening showed a significant positive correlation with changes in the 30-second arm curl test (r = .402, p = .004). Under the influence of regular participation in community sports, the results of ANCOVA indicate that individuals undergoing regular screening demonstrated significant improvements in 30-second bicep curls (p < .001), 30-second chair stands (p < .001), back scratch test (right: p = .018, left: p = .014), 2-minute step test (p < .001), 2.44-meter up-and-go (p < .001), and Berg Balance Scale scores (p < .001). Conclusion: Acceptance of regular chronic disease data screening contributes to improving muscle strength in the elderly. Additionally, complementing with appropriate exercise can aid in enhancing their functional fitness and balance capabilities. |
