| 摘要: | 維生素D (Vitamin D) 是一群脂溶性維生素，也是維持人體正常生長及健康的重要營養素之一。人體維生素D依攝取來源不同，可分成維生素 D2 和維生素 D3 二種，從植物來源是維生素D2 (Ergocalciferol)，從動物來源或經由皮膚曝曬陽光後產生的是維生素D3 (Cholecalciferol)。臺灣雖然位處陽光充足的緯度地帶，然而國人維生素D攝取狀況及血液中25(OH)D濃度皆偏低，攝食富含維生素D2菇類可以做為國人維生素D的膳食營養來源需求。且臺灣素食人口近來日益增加，純素食者無法從動物性食物獲取足夠的維生素D以增加鈣質吸收。本研究目的為評估健康成人攝食經脈衝光優化維生素D2珊瑚菇後，是否可改善體內維生素D營養狀態。臨床試驗共招募36位健康受試者，以隨機、平行方式，分為不含珊瑚菇 (Control組)、每日補充10 g之維生素D2珊瑚菇 (PC-10 g組) 以及補充100 g維生素D2珊瑚菇 (PC-100 g組) 共三組，進行為期四週之人體試驗。結果顯示，經四週介入後，PC-10 g組血液25(OH)D濃度由13.75 ± 2.51 ng/mL增至16.76 ± 2.49 ng/mL，上升3.01 ng/mL (p = 0.007)，增加21.9%；PC-100 g組25(OH)D則由12.34 ± 2.85 ng/mL增至21.79 ± 5.18 ng/mL，上升9.45 ng/mL (p < 0.001)，增加達76.7%，並使PTH-I由26.26 ± 9.84 pg/mL下降至16.38 ± 5.53 pg/mL，減少37.6%。而經由液相層析質譜儀 (Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, LC-MS) 分析後，人體血液25(OH)D增加主要是因25(OH)D2上升所致，PC-10 g組血液25(OH)D2由1.47 ± 1.42 ng/mL增至9.50 ± 7.10 ng/mL (p = 0.001)，PC-100 g組則由1.94 ± 2.15 ng/mL上升至21.82 ± 16.75 ng/mL，上升19.88 ng/mL (p = 0.002)，增加10.2倍；而25(OH)D2與總25(OH)D增幅不一致之結果則推測為LC-MS檢測之較靈敏度傳統ELISA檢測方法為高所致。基於以上研究結果，給予受試者補充維生素D2珊瑚菇可有效提升體內25(OH)D濃度，改善體內維生素D缺乏及不足之營養狀態，顯示經脈衝光優化珊瑚菇後可作為維生素D良好攝取來源。
Vitamin D (Vitamin D) is a group of fat-soluble vitamins and one of the important nutrients for maintaining normal growth and health of the human body. Vitamin D in the human body can be divided into two types, vitamin D2 and vitamin D3, depending on the source of intake. Vitamin D2 (Ergocalciferol) comes from plant sources, and vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol) comes from animal sources or is produced through skin exposure to sunlight. Although Taiwan has abundant sunshine, the vitamin D intake status of the Taiwanese and the concentration of 25(OH)D in the blood are low. Eating mushrooms rich in vitamin D2 can serve as the nutritional source of vitamin D for the people. Moreover, the vegetarian population in Taiwan is increasing day by day, and vegans cannot get enough vitamin D from animal foods to increase calcium absorption. The purpose of this experiment is to evaluate human consumption of different doses of pulsed light-optimized D2 Pleurotus citrinopileatus to achieve the required food intake and health improvement suggestions to achieve the effective concentration of 25(OH)D in serum. A total of 36 healthy subjects were recruited in the clinical trial. In a randomized and parallel manner, they underwent a diet without Pleurotus citrinopileatus (Control group), a daily intervention of 10 g of D2 Pleurotus citrinopileatus (PC-10 group), and a daily intervention of 100 g of D2 Pleurotus citrinopileatus (PC-100 group). A total of 3 groups were conducted for a four-week human trial. The results showed that after four weeks of intervention, the blood 25(OH)D concentration in the PC-10 g group increased from 13.75 ± 2.51 ng/mL to 16.76 ± 2.49 ng/mL, increased 3.01 ng/mL (p = 0.007), an increase of 21.9%; the blood 25(OH)D concentration in the PC-100 g group increased from 12.34 ± 2.85 ng/mL to 21.79 ± 5.18 ng/mL, increased 9.45 ng/mL (p < 0.001), an increase of 76.7%, and the blood PTH-I concentration in the PC-100 g group decreased from 26.26 ± 9.84 pg/ mL to 16.38 ± 5.53 pg/mL, a decrease in PTH-I by 37.6%. After analysis by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS), the increase in 25(OH)D in blood is mainly caused by the increase in 25(OH)D2, the blood 25(OH)D concentration in the PC-10 g group increased from 1.47 ± 1.42 ng/mL to 9.50 ± 7.10 ng/mL (p = 0.001), and in the PC-100 g group it increased from 1.94 ± 2.15 ng/mL to 21.82 ± 16.75 ng/mL, increased 19.88 ng/mL (p = 0.002), the increase was 10.2 times. The inconsistent results between the increase of 25(OH)D2 and total 25(OH)D are speculated to be due to the higher sensitivity of LC-MS detection compared to the traditional ELISA method. Based on the above research results, supplementing vitamin D2 with Pleurotus citrinopileatus to subjects can effectively increase the concentration of 25(OH)D and improve the nutritional status of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency, showing that pulsed light-optimized mushrooms can be used as a good source of vitamin D. |
