| 摘要: | D-乳酸的濃度在微生物感染程度上是一個有用的指標，其他一些人類的疾病，像腦病、糖尿病和酸中毒的情況，也均可發現血漿中D-乳酸的濃度有上升的情形。
為了更有效的定量D-乳酸，故發展管柱前螢光衍生化之高效液相層析法。選擇4-Nitro-7-piperazino-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole (NBD-PZ)和4-(N,N-dimethylaminosulfonyl)-7-piperazino-2,1,3-benzoxadiazoles (DBD-PZ)作為衍生化試劑，掌性管柱則選用Chiralcel OD-RH，Chiralcel OJ-R和Chiralpak AD-RH，以不同組成的移動相來作容量係數、分離係數和解析度的研究。根據結果顯示，以NBD-PZ作為螢光衍生化試劑，使用Chiralpak AD-RH在移動相氰甲烷：水＝60：40時為最好的掌性分離條件。之前的文獻報導其沖提順序皆為L在前D在後，這樣會產生的問題是當小量的D-乳酸存在於大量的L-乳酸中時，巨大的L-乳酸波峰可能會掩蓋到隨後出現的少量D-乳酸波峰，在我們的方法中沖提順序反轉，可以解決這樣的問題。
在分析檢品上，以高效液相層析儀將NBD-D,L-乳酸在碳18管柱以激發光491 nm及發射光547 nm下分離出，(D + L)-乳酸衍生物的部分藉由轉換閥的作用直接轉至amylose掌性管柱，這樣便可將D-乳酸衍生物和L-乳酸衍生物作鏡像分離，鏡像比例也可從此得知。此分析方法的準確度在96.93%到104.85%間，精密度之相對變異數在0.80%到14.44%間，表示此為可接受之分析方法。
上述的方法應用於以streptozotocin誘導之糖尿病鼠尿液的分析，可以發現糖尿病鼠尿液中D-乳酸和肌酸酐的比例相對於正常大白鼠有極為顯著的增加。D-乳酸的濃度於此病理狀態下的變化仍需長期追蹤。
D-Lactate level is an useful indicator for the degree of the microbial contamination, and it has some relations to the pathophysiology of human diseases such as encephalopathy, diabetes and acidosis, in which plasma D-lactate levels were increased.
For more effective quantitative determination of D-lactate, an HPLC method with pre-column fluorescent derivatization was developed. D,L-Lactate were fluorimetrically derivatized by 4-nitro-7-piperazino- 2,1,3-benzoxadiazole (NBD-PZ) and 4-(N,N- dimethylaminosulfonyl)-7- piperazino-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole (DBD-PZ). The following chiral columns were selected: Chiralcel OD-RH, Chiralcel OJ-R and Chiralpak AD-RH. The capacity factor, the separation factor and the resolution were investigated by modifying the compositions of the mobile phases. According to the results, a highly sensitive method which includes fluorescent derivatization of D,L-lactate with NBD-PZ was established. The elution order of D,L-lactate derivatives was L and D by recent literatures, but the elution order in our method was inverse. The inversion of the elution order can solve the problem of large peak of L-lactate covers over the peak of D-lactate when a small amount of D-lactate with a large excess of L-lactate in the biological samples.
The NBD-D,L-lactate is separated by HPLC on an octadecylsilica (ODS) column and determined fluorimetrically at 547 nm with 491 nm of excitation wavelength. During the separation step on the ODS, the peak fraction of (D + L)-lactate derivatives was introduced directly to an amylose chiral column by switching the flow of the elute via a six-port valve. Then, D-lactate derivative was separated enantiomerically from that of L-lactate, and the enantiomeric ratio was determined from the chromatogram. The inter-day and intra-day levels of precision were acceptable, with coefficients of variation from 0.80% to 14.44%.
The proposed method was applied to the urine of diabetic rats induced by intraperitoneal administration of streptozotocin, and the significant increases of D-lactate related to creatinine were observed in the diabetic rats as compared to the normal rats. It should be necessary to pursue the changes of D-lactate concentrations under the pathological conditions. |
