| 摘要: | 研究背景：近年來台灣學童的近視率不斷攀升，許多家長逐漸開始關注孩子的視力健康。相較於傳統的近視矯正方式如眼鏡或隱形眼鏡，角膜塑型鏡片對於近視控制有更好的成效，也能夠減少戴眼鏡的不方便，因此受到眼科醫師、患者與家長的青睞，是目前相對有效且積極的近視控制治療方式，本研究旨在探討台灣學齡兒童家長對於角膜塑型鏡片之醫療利用行為模式。
研究方法：本研究使用安德森醫療服務行為模式設計網路問券進行調查統計分析，探討台灣學齡兒童家長對角膜塑型鏡片之了解程度以及影響決策之原因，問卷發放期程為民國112年05月間，回收有效樣本數261份，使用SPSS 22.0版進行描述性及推論性統計。
研究結果：本研究經研究目的、文獻探討、研究架構、問卷設計、資料蒐集與統計分析後，主要結果歸納如下：
一、相對於家中只有一位國小至國中學童，家中有兩位國小至國中學童的家長，選擇角膜塑型鏡片顯著下降0.386倍（p=0.026)。
二、相對於家長學歷研究所以上，家長學歷為大專者，選擇角膜塑型鏡片顯著下降至0.17倍(p=0.002)。
三、相對於家長月收入四萬者，月收入12-16萬者，選擇角膜塑型鏡片顯著增加6.77倍（p=0.005)，月收入20萬者，選擇角膜塑型鏡片顯著增加3.41倍（p=0.045）。
結論：本研究結論歸納如下:
一、傾向因素(孩童數量、教育程度、角膜塑型鏡片信念)以及使能因素(家庭月收入)是影響家長是否選擇角膜塑型鏡片的重要影響因素。
二、家長教育程度以及家庭月收入愈高對於是否選擇角膜塑型鏡片有顯著正相關。
三、家長在選擇角膜塑型鏡片以及不選擇角膜塑型鏡片時，最擔心考慮的因素皆為怕小孩不舒服，其次為怕有角膜感染等副作用。
Backgrounds: In recent years, the myopia rate among schoolchildren in Taiwan has been steadily increasing, leading many parents to gradually pay more attention to their children's visual health. Compared to traditional methods of myopia correction such as glasses or contact lenses, orthokeratology lenses have shown better effectiveness in myopia control and can also reduce the inconvenience of wearing glasses. As a result, they have gained favor among ophthalmologists, patients, and parents, and are currently considered a relatively effective and proactive treatment for myopia control. The aim of this study is to investigate the healthcare utilization behavior of parents of school-aged children in Taiwan regarding orthokeratology lenses.
Methods:. This study utilized the Andersen Healthcare Services Behavioral Model to design an online questionnaire for surveying and statistical analysis. The aim was to explore the level of understanding among parents of school-aged children in Taiwan regarding corneal reshaping lenses, as well as the factors influencing their decision-making process. The questionnaire was distributed during May of the 112th year of the Republic of China, and a total of 261 valid responses were collected. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed using SPSS version 22.0.
Results: After conducting the research, including stating the research objectives, reviewing the literature, establishing the research framework, designing the questionnaire, collecting data, and performing statistical analysis, the main findings are summarized as follows:
1.Compared to parents with only one elementary to junior high school-aged child, parents with two elementary to junior high school-aged children had a significant 0.386 times decrease in choosing corneal reshaping lenses (p=0.026).
2.Compared to parents with a graduate-level education or above, parents with a college-level education had a significant decrease to 0.17 times in choosing corneal reshaping lenses (p=0.002).
3.Compared to parents with a monthly income of 40,000, parents with a monthly income of 120,000 to 160,000 had a significant 6.77 times increase in choosing corneal reshaping lenses (p=0.005). Parents with a monthly income of 200,000 had a significant 3.41 times increase in choosing corneal reshaping lenses (p=0.045).
Conclusions: The conclusions of this study are summarized as follows:
1.Predisposing factors (number of children, education level, beliefs about corneal reshaping lenses) and enabling factors (monthly family income) are important influencing factors for parents in choosing corneal reshaping lenses.
2.There is a significant positive correlation between higher parental education levels and higher monthly family income with the decision to choose corneal reshaping lenses.
3.The most concerning factors for parents when deciding to choose or not choose corneal reshaping lenses are the potential discomfort for their children, followed by concerns about side effects such as corneal infections. |
