| 摘要: | 本實驗探討利用聚己?酯與β-三鈣磷酸鹽製備複合性生醫材料，並結合3D列印技術製作客製化支架用於治療骨缺損。根據世界衛生組織全球口腔健康狀況報告指出，全球約有35億人患有口腔相關的疾病；然而口腔相關疾病對全球人口有極高的影響，雖然這些疾病並不會直接增加死亡率，但須長期治療及追蹤，期間所產生的花費將會非常高，因此開發經濟實惠的客製化支架，將造福面臨口腔疾病的患者。聚己?酯是一個成本非常便宜的材料，卻同時具有極高的生物可降解性及生物相容性所以適合作為客製化支架材料開發。不過由於聚己?酯生物活性較低，β-三鈣磷酸鹽的添加可以改善其生物惰性，並提高修復能力。本實驗改善現有聚己?酯線材製程，先以65℃預溶聚己?酯後混入不同重量比之β-三鈣磷酸鹽 (0%, 10%, 20%及30%)製備成PCL/β-TCP線材，過程中並未添加任何有機溶劑。隨後將製作好的PCL/β-TCP線材進行物理化學、生物特性等實驗，以找出最佳的線材混合比例作為未來材料開發參考。PCL/β-TCP線材在電子顯微鏡及能量色散X射線譜分析下可見線材中的鈣含量會隨著β-三鈣磷酸鹽比例提升並且均勻分布於線材中。而FTIR分析結果也顯示線材化學特性並未因加熱處理而變質。機械性質分析則呈現添加20%的β-三鈣磷酸鹽 (PCL-20) 明顯增加其硬度及楊氏係數。然而，隨著β-三鈣磷酸鹽濃度提升，親水性特性也隨之降低。此外，透過細胞存活率分析實驗顯示此混合材料不具毒性，而鹼性磷酸?活性、即時定量聚合?連鎖反應及礦化實驗結果也指出此材料可增進MG63之骨母細胞活性。綜上所述， PCL-20線材具有良好的機械性質，且擁有最佳的骨誘導能力。後續可利用PCL-20結合3D列印技術印製低成本客製化支架。由於PCL材質特殊，目前市面上販售的3D列印機列印溫度設定都過高，需要客製特定參數更改列印溫度以符合PCL的列印條件。因此，若要將PCL/β-TCP線材商品化，除了線材同時也需要搭配特製的3D列印機以達到最好的客製化列印結果。
The purpose of this study was to manufacture polycaprolactone (PCL) and beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) biocomposite material, which used with three-dimension (3D) printing technology to customize scaffold for bone defect treatment. According to World Health Organization Global Oral Health Status Report, around 3.5 billion of global population suffer from oral-related disease, showing that global population were highly affected by oral-related disease. Although they are mostly non-lethal, it’s time-consuming and costly in treating and maintaining oral health status. Therefore, it is essential to develop a cost-effective customized scaffold. PCL very cost-effective raw material, which had high biodegradable and biocompatible properties making it a potential material for customized scaffold development. However, due to the bioinertness of PCL, addition of β-TCP could improve its bioinertness and enhance regeneration ability. In this study, PCL filament fabrication method was improved by pre-melted the PCL at 65℃ and different weight ratio of β-TCP (0%, 10%, 20% and 30%) was blended into the melted PCL to fabricate PCL/β-TCP filaments, meanwhile no organic solvent was added throughout the fabrication process. Later, both physiochemical and biological properties of the PCL/β-TCP filaments were analyzed to determine the optimal ratio for future material development. PCL/β-TCP filaments were analyzed with scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry, results demonstrated that the calcium was evenly distributed in PCL/β-TCP filaments and calcium concentration increased with the amount of β-TCP added. Meanwhile, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy results showed that the PCL/β-TCP filaments remained chemical intact after heating. Mechanical properties excel at 20% of β-TCP added (PCL-20), where hardness and Young’s Modulus increases significantly. However, the hydrophilicity was inversely proportional to the concentration of β-TCP. Besides, MTT assay result showed that such biocomposite material is non-toxic, while ALPase activity, qPCR and mineralization assay demonstrated improved MG63 cell osteoblastic activity. In conclusion, PCL-20 displayed excellent mechanical properties, yet had optimal osteoinduction capability. PCL-20 could be further used with 3D printer to fabricate bargain customized scaffolds. However, due to the unique physical characterization of PCL, the printing temperature of 3D printers available in the market was too high for PCL, thus the printing condition must be customized to ensure that PCL could be printed in the optimal condition. Hence, to commercialize the PCL/β-TCP filaments, the filaments and customized 3D printer could be sold as a package for finest printing result. |
