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| 題名: | 單胺氧化?A (MAOA)基因與兒時負面經驗、執行功能、攻擊行為以及生理性別之關聯研究
Association between Monoamine oxidase A (MAOA), adverse childhood experiences, executive function, aggression, and gender |
| 作者: | 林子薰
LIN, TZU-HSUN |
| 貢獻者: | 傷害防治學研究所碩士班
陳澂毅 |
| 關鍵詞: | MAOA;兒時負面經驗;執行功能;攻擊行為;性別
MAOA;adverse childhood experiences;executive function;aggression;gender |
| 日期: | 2023-06-13 |
| 上傳時間: | 2023-12-07 09:58:19 (UTC+8) |
| 摘要: | 研究背景與目的：攻擊的發生，時常會伴隨著許多因素的影響，在基因、環境和行為上皆可能會影響個體出現攻擊行為的風險。其中，與血清素相關的單胺氧化?A (MAOA)基因被認為與調節情緒和行為具有重要影響，而在環境中也有可能會影響攻擊行為的發生。因此，我們將透過檢視不同個體對基因型態綜合分析其與暴力、衝動和情緒等行為指標之交互作用效果，比較基因調節效果是否因不同性別而有所差異。
研究方法：本研究收集的對象為年滿二十歲之成年人為主，以方便取樣在校園內進行收案，利用課堂時間、體育球場進行招募宣傳，以線上問卷收集受試者的行為資料，使用攻擊及暴力特質評估量表(BPAQ)、兒時負面經驗評估量表(CTQ)與執行功能評估量表(ESQ)。並透過棉棒採集口腔內壁黏膜細胞分析MAOA基因型態，基因會透過不同啟動子進行啟動，分成低活性基因(MAOA-low)以及高活性基因(MAOA-high)。在數據分析中使用SPSS統計軟體第19版進行相關性與多元階層迴歸分析。
研究結果：最終回收316份有效問卷進行分析。透過多元階層迴歸分析後，在MAOA基因、情感虐待與性別之交互作用以及MAOA基因、反應抑制與性別之交互作用與肢體暴力呈現趨近於統計學上的顯著差異，而在MAOA基因、情感虐待與性別之交互作用對於言語暴力呈現三維度交互作用的顯著差異。並經由基因與性別的分類，高活性MAOA基因型態的女性在情感虐待中與肢體暴力、言語暴力呈現較高的相關性 (肢體暴力相關係數為0.367，p值小於0.001；言語暴力相關係數為0.364，p值小於0.001)。而在高活性MAOA基因的男性以及低活性MAOA基因的男性和女性，在反應抑制上與肢體暴力呈現顯著的負相關 (高活性MAOA基因相關係數為-0.323；低活性MAOA基因男性相關係數為-0.383，女性為-0.422)。
結論：高活性MAOA基因型態的女性會在兒童時期經歷到的負面環境因素造成較明顯的效果。此外，擁有低活性MAOA基因的男性和女性以及擁有高活性MAOA基因型態的男性皆在反應抑制中與肢體暴力呈顯顯著的負相關。綜合以上結果，MAOA 基因的調節效果，會因個體和環境之間的差異而產生不同程度的影響效果。整體而言，不論在不同基因型態或者是不同性別中都有發現執行功能對於攻擊行為的調節效果。
Background: The occurrence of aggression is often accompanied by the influence of many factors, which may affect the risk of an individual's aggressive behavior in terms of genes, environment and behavior. Among them, the monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) gene related to serotonin is considered to have an important influence on the regulation of mood and behavior, and the environment may also affect the occurrence of aggressive behavior.
Aim of the study: We will analyze the interaction effects of genotypes with behavioral indicators such as aggression, impulsiveness and emotion by examining the genotypes of different individuals, and compare whether the gene regulation effects are different due to different genders.
Methods: The objects of collection are adults over the age of 20. Cases are collected on campus to facilitate sampling. Recruitment and publicity are carried out during classroom time, sports fields, and behavioral data of subjects are collected through online questionnaires, using Buss and Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and Executive Skill Questionnaire (ESQ). The oral mucosal cells were collected through a cotton swab to analyze the MAOA genotype. The genes are activated by different promoters and divided into low activity genes (MAOA-low) and high activity genes (MAOA-high). In data analysis, SPSS statistical software version 19 was used for correlation and hierarchical multiple regression analysis.
Results: There were 316 vailed questionnaires include in the end. After hierarchical multiple regression analysis, the interaction between MAOA gene, emotional abuse and gender and the interaction between MAOA gene, response inhibition and gender showed statistically significant differences, while the interaction between MAOA gene, emotional abuse and gender. The effect on verbal aggression showed a significant difference in three-dimensional interaction. And through the classification of genes and gender, women with MAOA-high genotypes showed a higher correlation with physical aggression and verbal aggression in emotional abuse (physical aggression’s R was 0.367, p value < 0.001; verbal aggression’s R was 0.364, p-value < 0.001). In males with MAOA-high and males and females with MAOA-low, there was a significant negative correlation between response inhibition and physical aggression (MAOA-high’s R was -0.323; MAOA-low, male R was - 0.383 and -0.422 for women).
Conclusion: Females with a highly active MAOA genotype had a greater effect of negative environmental factors experienced in childhood. In addition, men and women with a low-activity MAOA gene and men with a high-activity MAOA genotype both had a significant negative association in response inhibition to physical aggression. Based on the above results, the regulatory effect of MAOA gene will have different effects due to the differences between individuals and the environment. Overall, the regulatory effect of executive function on aggressive behavior was found in different genotypes and different genders. |
| 描述: | 碩士
指導教授:陳澂毅
委員:陳品玲
委員:范揚騰
委員:陳澂毅 |
| 資料類型: | thesis |
| 顯示於類別: | [傷害防治學研究所] 博碩士論文
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