| 摘要: | 研究背景：隨著年齡增長肌肉量流失所造成的肌少症，使高齡者族群身體功能退化，肌力、肌耐力、平衡與步態功能明顯下降，而增加意外跌倒之風險。因此如何預防及延緩高齡長者肌少症情形、維持其身體功能之狀態，協助高齡者維持健康與良好生活品質，讓高齡者健康老化是目前社會重要的課題。研究目的：本研究旨在探討高齡肌少症個案肌少症健康知識、肌少症指標及生活品質的相關，以及社群媒體互動式指導介入前後高齡肌少症個案之肌少症健康知識、肌少症指標及生活品質之差異情形。研究方法：本研究採類實驗研究法，兩組（實驗組、對照組）前後測設計。研究對象為新北市某準醫學中心門診，經現場檢測為肌少症前期或肌少症之65歲（含）以上高齡者，符合納入排除條件且知情同意後簽署同意書共收案122人，實驗組、對照組各61人。實驗組接受社群媒體互動式指導介入，對照組給予一次性口頭指導，維持原本日常生活，時間為8週。介入活動前一週和介入完成後一週各進行一次肌少症指標測量及肌少症健康知識、生活品質量表問卷之調查，最終完成後測實驗組34人、對照組47人。本研究使用之工具包括：肌少症健康知識量表、台灣簡明版世界衛生組織生活問卷、握力器，以及Inbody機器(型號Biomdcare 2-1Qcheck)、和肌少症相關指導影片。資料回收後運用描述性統計、成對樣本t檢定（paired t-test）、獨立樣本t檢定（Independent t-test）及皮爾森相關分析進行資料分析。研究結果：實驗組透過社群媒體互動式指導介入前後，在肌少症指標的肌力、身體功能表現，以及肌少症健康知識與生活品質都達統計學上的顯著差異。對照組給予一次性的口頭指導後經8週後，在肌少症指標的肌力、身體功能表現，以及肌少症健康知識與生活品質也達統計學上的顯著差異。經實驗組與對照組的後測，在肌少症健康知識的提升也達統計學上的顯著差異，即表示健康知識的提升，使用社群媒體互動式指導比一次性的口頭指導成效佳。結論：研究顯示肌少症的社群媒體互動式指導與一次性口頭指導都可增加高齡者的肌力、身體功能表現、健康知識，以及生活品質。在健康知識方面透過社群媒體互動式指導比一次性口頭指導的成效更好，因此建議未來對高齡者在知識方面的指導，可採用社群媒體互動式指導方式，更能有效的提升指導成效。
Background：Sarcopenia, a consequence of age-related muscle mass decline, contributes to the decline in physical function among older individuals. This decline manifests as a notable reduction in muscle strength, muscle endurance, balance, and gait function, thereby elevating the likelihood of accidental falls. Hence, the imperative of addressing the prevention and postponement of sarcopenia among the elderly, alongside the preservation of their functional capacity, promotion of overall well-being, and facilitation of healthy aging, emerges as a significant societal concern.Purpose：The objective of this research was to examine the association between knowledge of sarcopenia health, indicators of sarcopenia, and quality of life in elderly individuals with sarcopenia. Additionally, the study aimed to assess the variations in sarcopenia health knowledge, sarcopenia indicators, and quality of life among elderly sarcopenia cases before and after an intervention involving interactive social media instruction.Methods：This study employed a pre- and post-test quasi-experimental design, utilizing two distinct groups：an experimental group and a control group. A prospective medical center in New Taipei City enrolled a total of 122 patients, with 61 assigned to the experimental group and 61 to the control group. These patients were tested on site for pre-sarcopenia, or for sarcopenia for the elderly (aged 65 or above), and they were required to meet the exclusion criteria and provide signed consent forms. The experimental group was provided with interactive social media instruction, while the control group received a single instance of verbal instruction, both aimed at maintaining their daily life over a period of 8 weeks. A survey was conducted on sarcopenia indicators, along with a questionnaire on sarcopenia health knowledge and a quality of life scale, both administered to a total of 34 participants in the experimental group and 47 participants in the control group, one week prior to the intervention and one week after the intervention. The study employed several instruments, namely the Sarcopenia Health Knowledge Scale, the WHOQOL-BREF, a grip strength device, the Inbody machine, and an instructional video on sarcopenia. The data were gathered and examined through the application of descriptive statistics, paired t-test, Independent t-test, and Pearson correlation analysis.Results：The experimental group demonstrated statistically significant improvements in muscle strength, physical functional performance, and knowledge of sarcopenia health-related topics and quality of life as measured by the sarcopenia index before and after the 8-week intervention involving interactive social media guidance. In the control group, following a period of 8 weeks during which participants received verbal guidance only once, and the statistically significant disparities were also noted in terms of muscle strength, physical functional performance, knowledge regarding sarcopenia, and quality of life. The results of the post-test analysis revealed a statistically significant disparity in the enhancement of health knowledge related to sarcopenia between the experimental and control groups. Specifically, the utilization of interactive social media instruction was found to be more efficacious in comparison to the one-time verbal guidance.Conclusion：Research findings indicate that both interactive social media guidance and single-instance verbal guidance have demonstrated positive effects on various aspects of sarcopenia management in senior adults. These effects include improvements in muscle strength, physical function performance, related knowledge, and overall quality of life. Interactive guidance on sarcopenia health related issues through social media has demonstrated more effective results than one-time verbal guidance. Hence, it is advisable to employ social media interactive guidance as a means to enhance the knowledge acquisition of senior adults in the future. |
