| 摘要: | 傳統醫學記載莪朮可廣泛用於治療癥瘕痞塊、痛經經閉、跌打損傷、飲食積滯等多種症狀，本研究利用蓬莪朮和廣西莪朮兩種基原，探討其功效與植化素之關係。本研究利用不同溶劑進行萃取，獲得4種不同莪朮萃取物，透過生物活性試驗結果顯示n-hexane萃取物對於Hep G2 人源肝癌細胞及MG-63 人源骨肉瘤?胞之抑制癌細胞生長作用最強，其IC50分別為蓬莪朮344.46 μg/mL、282.41 μg/mL；廣西莪朮：457.37 μg/mL、271.01 μg/mL；70% acetone萃取物清除DPPH自由基抗氧化能力最強，其EC50為蓬莪朮：0.66 mg/mL；廣西莪朮：3.14 mg/mL；50% ethanol萃取物對LPS誘導RAW 264.7巨噬細胞之抑制NO作用最強，其IC50為蓬莪朮：42.87 μg/mL；廣西莪朮：46.54 μg/mL)，並可抑制PGE2和iNOS蛋白質表現，且蓬莪朮50% ethanol萃取物同時具有抑制COX-2蛋白表現作用；50% ethanol和水萃取物皆明顯具有延長部分凝血活?時間作用，且50% ethanol萃取物亦具有延長凝血?原時間作用。根據植化素分析結果顯示：抑制癌細胞生長作用與sesquiterpenes相關、抗氧化作用與polyphenols和flavonoids相關、抑制發炎作用與中極性植化素相關、抗凝血作用與中、高極性之植化素及多醣相關。據結果顯示單一指標成分無法反映莪朮之多功效，建議以植化素作為品質管制指標較能符合中藥臨床功效應用之品質規範，且使用水酒共煎最能體現莪朮之臨床功效。未來中藥品質管制建議應深化為”基原-植化素-劑型-藥效”的一致性，才有利於中藥臨床療效的穩定。
Curcumae Rhizoma (CR) has been recorded in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) that CR can be widely used to treat blood stasis syndrome, heartache, abdominal mass, dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea, traumatic injury, food stagnation, etc. Because the relationship between the clinical function of CR and modern pharmacology is still unclear, this study uses two origins of CRs, which are Curcuma phaeocaulis Val. (CP) and Curcuma kwangsiensis S. G. Lee et C. F. Liang (CK), to explore the relationship between their efficacy and phytochemicals. In this study, four different CR extracts were obtained. Therefore, anti-tumor test, anti-oxidation test, anti-inflammation test and anti-coagulation test were designed to explore their correlation: the results show that n-hexane extract has a relatively obvious cytotoxic effect on Hep G2 cell line and MG-63 cell line (CP IC50: 344.46 μg/mL, 282.41 μg/mL; CK IC50: 457.37 μg/mL, 271.01 μg/mL). 70% acetone extract has the best antioxidant effect in scavenging DPPH free radicals (CP EC50: 0.66 mg/mL. CK EC50: 3.14 mg/mL). 50% ethanol extract had the best inhibitory effect on NO production in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells (CP IC50: 42.87 μg/mL. CK IC50: 46.54 μg/mL) without significant cytotoxicity and can inhibit the expression of PGE2 and iNOS protein. Besides, 50% ethanol extract of CP also inhibits the expression of COX-2 protein. Both 50% ethanol and water extracts have the effect of prolonging the partial thromboplastin time, and 50% ethanol extract also has the effect of prolonging the prothrombin time. According to the results of phytochemical analysis, it shows that the inhibition of cancer cell growth is related to sesquiterpenes, the antioxidant effect is related to polyphenols and flavonoids, the anti-inflammatory effect is related to medium polar phytochemicals, and the anticoagulant effect is related to high to medium polar phytochemicals or polysaccharides. This study suggests that using phytochemicals as quality control indicators is more in line with the clinical efficacy of TCM, and at the same time, the clinical efficacy of CR is best reflected by using water and alcohol co-decoction. In the future, the quality control of TCM needs to deepen the consistency of "origin - phytochemicals - dosage form - efficacy", which is conducive to the stability of the clinical efficacy of TCM. |
