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| 題名: | INVESTIGATING THE NEURAL CORRELATES OF TEMPERAMENT WITH A SPECIFIC FOCUS ON LONELINESS |
| 作者: | 陳亭竹
CHEN, TING-ZHU |
| 貢獻者: | 心智意識與腦科學研究所碩士班
MARTINO, MATTEO
MAGIONCALDA, PAOLA |
| 關鍵詞: | temperament;psychological-behavioral dimensions;loneliness;intrinsic brain activity;dopamine;electroretinography (ERG);actigraphy;functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) |
| 日期: | 2023-07-12 |
| 上傳時間: | 2023-09-27 09:43:12 (UTC+8) |
| 摘要: | 氣質被概念化為個體情緒和行為模式的基本基礎，影響個體複雜行為的差異，並可能在精神疾病中發揮作用。然而，氣質的神經基礎仍不清楚。
本研究旨在通過研究氣質、心理行為特徵、內生性腦活動和神經傳導系統的關聯來探究氣質的神經基礎。研究分為三個部分。首先，對氣質的神經影像學研究進行了系統性回顧，發現研究結果不一致。然而，與躁鬱氣質相關的是與外部環境積極互動的網路（例如體感運動和背側注意網路）中的腦活動增加。其次，通過多模態方法進行了有關氣質及其心理行為特徵的生物學基礎的初步研究，包括：電視圖譜測量（ERG），其中ERG b波振幅間接代表多巴胺信號; 靜息態功能性核磁共振成像（fMRI），提供有關內在腦活動的訊息; 活動測量，客觀量化運動活動; 以及大量問卷調查，提供有關心理運動活動、情感和思考的資訊。主要結果顯示：1）多巴胺信號（通過ERG間接評估）與內在思考網路（如默認模式網路[DMN]）的局部腦連接呈負相關，與運動活動和愉悅程度呈正相關；2）DMN的內生性腦活動與運動活動程度呈負相關；3）增加的運動活動和愉悅程度，以及減少的重複思考程度，與亢奮氣質相關。第三，我們探討氣質（及其潛在的心理、行為和生物學特徵）如何在複雜行為中表現，如人際風格，聚焦於主觀孤獨感和客觀社交聯繫。探索性結果主要顯示：亢奮氣質與主觀孤獨感呈負相關（而多巴胺信號，通過ERG間接評估，則與客觀社交網絡大小呈正相關）。
這些發現可能代表不同的證據，可以在一個連貫的框架中整合，將神經傳導系統、內生性腦活動、心理行為特徵、氣質和複雜行為相關聯。基於這些發現，我們推測多巴胺信號可能抑制DMN的活動，將腦網路平衡傾向感覺運動網路，從而導致心理運動活動和情感反應的增加。這些模式可能在亢奮氣質和/或躁鬱氣質中得到體現，這可能有利於個體將經驗和行為調整到當前環境，並進而促進開放的人際風格。此模型提出了特定的假設，可以在未來的研究中進行測試。
Temperament is conceptualized as the foundational emotional and behavioral pattern of an individual, contributing to individual differences in complex behavior and potentially playing a role in psychiatric disorders. However, the neural basis of temperament remains unclear.
This work aims to investigate the neural correlates of temperament by examining the associations between temperament, psychological-behavioral features, intrinsic brain activity, and neurotransmitter signaling. The work is organized in three sections. Firstly, a systematic review of neuroimaging studies on temperaments was conducted and revealed inconsistent findings; however, increased brain activity in the networks subserving the active interaction with the external environment (such as the somatomotor and dorsal attention networks) was linked to the cyclothymic temperament. Secondly, a preliminary study investigating the biological correlates of temperament and its psychological-behavioral features was conducted, using a multimodal approach, including: electroretinography (ERG), with the ERG b-wave amplitude representing an indirect proxy of the dopaminergic signaling; resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), providing information on intrinsic brain activity; actigraphy, objectively quantifying motor activity; and a large battery of questionnaires, providing information on the main domains of psychomotor activity, affectivity, and thought. The results mainly showed that: 1) dopaminergic signaling (indirectly assessed by ERG) was negatively associated with local brain connectivity in the networks subserving internal thought such as the default mode network (DMN) and positively associated with levels of motor activity and pleasure; 2) intrinsic brain activity in the DMN was negatively associated with levels of motor activity; 3) increased levels of motor activity and pleasure, as well as decreased levels of repetitive thinking, were related to the hyperthymic temperament. Thirdly, we explored how temperament (and its underlying psychological, behavioral, and biological features) may manifest in complex behaviors such as the interpersonal style, focusing on perceived loneliness and objective social connection. The exploratory results mainly showed that the hyperthymic temperament was negatively associated with perceived loneliness (while dopaminergic signaling, indirectly assessed by ERG, was positively associated with the objective social network size).
These findings may represent different pieces of evidences that could be integrated in a coherent framework linking neurotransmitter signaling, intrinsic brain activity, psychological-behavioral dimensions, temperament, and complex behaviors. Based on these findings, we speculate that dopaminergic signaling may inhibit DMN activity, titling the network balance towards the sensorimotor networks and resulting in increased levels of psychomotor activity and affective responses. These patterns may be reflected in the hyperthymic and/or cyclothymic temperaments, which may favor an attunement of experience and behavior to the current environment, and in turn favors complex behaviors such as an open interpersonal style. This model generates specific hypotheses that can be tested in future studies. |
| 描述: | 碩士
指導教授:MARTINO, MATTEO
共同指導教授:MAGIONCALDA, PAOLA
委員:MARTINO, MATTEO
委員:MAGIONCALDA, PAOLA
委員:李信謙
委員:DUNCAN, NIALL WILLIAM
委員:明智煥 |
| 資料類型: | thesis |
| 顯示於類別: | [心智意識與腦科學研究所] 博碩士論文
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