| 摘要: | Background: Cognitive impairment is common among population worldwide which become an increasingly important health issue related with aging. Indonesia is one of low-middle income countries with reach the era of aging, as the population aged 60 years and over is 10.0% in 2020. Cognitive impairment tend to increase with enhancement cases of non-communicable diseases. The study aimed to explore associations between components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and cognitive impairment among Indonesian.
Methods. This was a cross-sectional study using secondary data of the Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS)-5. This study utilized 1532 participants (≥58 years). Components of MetS including central obesity, hypertension, high blood pressure, high glucose, and dyslipidemia. Cognitively impaired was measured with the questionnaire derived from the instrument of a telephone interview for cognitive status (TICS). A 15-item food frequency questionnaire was used to estimate food consumption score (FCS) and dietary pattern. The clustering dietary patterns were derived using principal component analysis (PCA) and reduced rank regression (RRR). Analysis of covariance was used to examine the differences and multivariate with binary logistic regression analysis of the odds of cognitive impairment.
Results: Our study found that central obesity 27% was less likely to be associated with cognitive impairment among Indonesian in the model multivariate (OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.53-0.99, p=0.047). The final model of multivariate showed that low-level education, age in elderly, and poor food consumption category were more likely significant as a risk factor with cognitive impairment. Furthermore, dietary pattern including high calorie and high sugar was associated as a risk factor. However, high fruits and vegetables pattern was significantly associated as protective factor of cognitive impairment.
Conclusions: Central obesity and dyslipidemia as components of MetS in Indonesian late life population were less likely to have cognitive impairment. The prevalence of MetS between male, female and cognitive impairment was 13.6% (male), 31.3% (female) and 82.6%, respectively. Furthermore, education level, increasing of age, and food consumption score were more likely to have cognitive impairment. In addition, dietary patterns including low of calorie and low sugar pattern, high fruits and vegetables pattern may contribute to the establishment of dietary guidelines among Indonesian population to reduce of cognitive impairment. |
