當歸根不同部位功效之本草考察與成分分析

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题名:	當歸根不同部位功效之本草考察與成分分析 Herbal textual research and chemical analysis on efficacy of different parts in Angelicae Sinensis Radix
作者:	張崇訓 CHANG, CHUNG-HSUN
贡献者:	生藥學研究所碩士班王靜瓊吳宗修
关键词:	當歸;本草考察;歸頭;歸身;歸尾;活血;補血;止血;植物化學成分分析 Angelicae Sinensis Radix (ASR);Herbal textual research;Phytochemical analysis;root head;body;lateral root
日期:	2021-07-20
上传时间:	2022-01-04 20:25:13 (UTC+8)
摘要:	當歸為繖形科植物當歸Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels的乾燥根，歷代不同醫家對當歸根的不同部位功效有不同的臨床應用。衛生福利部核發之中藥許可證中，亦顯示含有當歸根不同部位的處方。因此本研究將利用本草考察及基礎實驗探討當歸根不同部位功效差異。第一部份為考察當歸之典籍記載的歷史沿革，探勘秦漢《神農本草經》至清朝《植物名實圖考》間重要10本本草著作，再利用中藥品許可證分析含當歸根各部位於方劑使用情況，並以含有歸尾之方劑:補陽還五湯及其系列方劑進行健保資料庫中病症分析佐證臨床用途。第二部份分析歸頭、歸身、歸尾的成分含量變化及抗氧化、抗凝血功效差異。結果顯示傳統典籍及科學論文中，歸身多用於補血作用，在臨床使用上多以補養劑為主，如明目地黃丸。歸尾具有活血破血作用，使用於方劑如補陽還五湯。歸頭目前臨床甚少使用，從歷代典籍至中藥許可證紀錄顯示，歸頭於活血及補血方劑皆有使用，推論其具和血作用。當歸止血之說，可能與當歸藥理機制對子宮肌造成收縮，因而減少子宮出血有關，並非促進凝血功能。透過健保資料庫分析顯示，補陽還五湯為臨床使用歸尾最多之方劑，常用於腦血管疾病後遺症（ICD-9-438）(ICD-10-169)，因此推測歸尾比頭及身更具活血化瘀之功能。植物化學成分分析結果顯示，當歸多醣、總多酚、黃酮類、還原鐵、洋川芎内酯A、丁苯酞皆於歸頭含量最高；洋川芎内酯I、阿魏酸、藁本內酯於歸尾含量最高。指標成分分析當歸身橫切面組織:外皮、皮層、中柱結果，各指標成分皆以皮層含量最高，因此皮層較厚的歸頭化學成分含量較高。當歸根各部位活性試驗結果顯示，歸頭於水萃物及70%甲醇萃取物清除DPPH自由基作用，皆比歸身及歸尾作用強。當歸根各部位水萃物於400 μg/mL 濃度下與硫酸亞鐵反應，結果顯示歸身能增加總還原鐵含量。抗凝血試驗顯示當歸根各部位水萃取物於10 mg/mL下對部份凝血活酶時間(APTT)顯著延長，作用以歸尾最強，歸身次之，歸頭最弱。綜合結果，歸頭含有較高還原鐵，且具抗氧化作用及抗凝血作用，符合傳統和血說法；歸身具有增加還原鐵作用，與補血作用相符；歸尾含較高阿魏酸及藁本內酯，具有較高抗血栓活性成分且抗凝血活性最強，與傳統破血功效相符。 Angelicae Sinensis Radix (ASR) was used in traditional Chinese medicine and contains multiple efficacy. However, traditional physicians have different clinical use of the different parts (root head, root body and lateral root ). According to Taiwan ministry of health and welfare approve with insuance of drug permit licences show that many compound formula still use different parts of ASR. Therefore, we make a thorough Hrebal textual research and basic experiments to explore the different parts of ASR efficacy. It is concluded that the root body mostly used to replenish blood. The lateral root used to promote blood circulation. The root head used to replenish and promote blood circulation. Drug permit licenses analysis showed that Bu-Yang-Huan-Wu-Tang (BYHWT) is the most amount compound formula contain lateral root. According to National Health Insurance Research Database, BYHWT is most commonly used in disorders of late effects of cerebrovascular disease, ICD (International Classification of Diseases)-9-438, highly related to thrombus. The phytochemical analysis showed that root head was abundant in polysaccharides, total polyphenols, flavonoids, reduced iron, , Senkyunolide A, Butylphthalide than the others. Senkyunolide I, Ferulic acid and Ligustilide has the highest content in the lateral root. DPPH radical scavenging effect presented that the 70% methanol and water extracts of root head both have highest antioxidant activities than other parts of ASR. Anticoagulant activity result showing water extract from the head of ASR significantly prolonged APTT. In summary, the root head has higher reduced iron and has antioxidant and anticoagulant effects, which is in line with traditional efficacy. The root body can increase the total reduced iron, conform to theory of nourishing blood. The lateral root has higher ferulic acid and ligustilide also has anticoagulant activity in line with the traditional experiences.
描述:	碩士指導教授：王靜瓊指導教授：吳宗修委員：何玉鈴委員：何秀娥委員：梁文俐
数据类型:	thesis
显示于类别:	[生藥學研究所] 博碩士論文

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