| 摘要: | 背景：
近年隨著老化以及醫療技術的進步，許多老年人的壽命日益延長，但也隨著年紀的增長及老化，許多老年人因老化或疾患導致平衡缺損，不僅影響日常生活功能，也造成行走功能有不同程度的損，甚至有跌倒的情形發生，造成心理產生焦慮及憂鬱情緒，提升老年人失能等問題；嚴重也可能導致複雜的合併症狀，例如：輕傷、撕裂傷、髖關節骨折、腦外傷等，降低老年人對日常生活功能的獨立性以及增加醫療的照護成本。因此，需要藉由臨床評估工具或是相關量測設備，深入了解老年人動態、靜態的平衡功能表現，才能適時地提供適當的介入措施及策略，以預防或延緩老年人發生失能的問題。
目的：
發展一套具有良好信效度之動態、靜態平衡評估量測系統，進而探討老年人因老化造成平衡表現與影響。
方法：
本研究設計為方便取樣，招募老年受試者及健康年輕受試者兩個族群，並透過一套可評估運動學參數的九軸慣性量測單元之穿戴裝置所設計的動靜態平衡量測系統搭配傳統的臨床平衡量表進行動、靜態平衡功能測試，分別記錄不同受試者在執行平衡功能過程中的運動參數和量表的分數，並探討及客觀分析隨著人體逐漸老化，在執行動、靜態平衡時人體的表現及影響。
結果：
發現老年人相較於年輕人在靜態和技巧性平衡表現，其肩關節、髖關節及膝關節有較明顯角度晃動造成穩定值較高；在動態平衡表現，老年人相較於年輕人，動作時間反應較慢、關節最高角度變化小，顯示老年人之動靜態平衡表現比年輕人差。
結論：
動、靜態平衡量測系統是一套客觀的評估工具，可以透過關節角度及動作反應時間等運動學參數，方便評估者進行個別化的動、靜態平衡評估，且不受場地限制。同時，本工具也與傳統的功能性評估具有高度相關性，可以有利於判別老年人與年輕人之間的動靜態平衡差異
Background:
In recent years, with the progress of aging and medical technology, many elderly people’s life expectancy is increasing, but also due to aging or diseases, many elderly people got balance defect. This not only affects daily-life functions, but also causes different degrees of damage to walking function; the elders will even fall down. All the situations above may result in anxiety and depression, and aggravate the elderly disability and other problems, such as minor injuries, lacerations, hip fractures, brain trauma, etc. The elders’ independence of daily-life functions will thus be reduced and the cost of medical care will increase. Therefore, it is necessary to gain in-depth understanding of the dynamic and static balance function performance of the elderly through clinical assessment tools or relevant measurement equipment, so as to provide appropriate intervention measures and strategies to prevent or delay the problems of disability in the elderly.
Aim:
We aim to develop a dynamic and static balance measurement system with good reliability and validity, in order to explore the balance performance and influence of aging in the elderly.
Methods:
To get our samples efficiently, conveniently, and reliably , we recruited two groups: elderly subjects and healthy young subjects. Through the dynamic and static measurement system designed with a set of wearable devices with nine-axis inertial measurement unit that can evaluate motion parameters, together with the traditional clinical balance scale, we performed dynamic and static balance function tests. We recorded the motion parameters and scale scores of different subjects respectively when they performed balance functions. Then, we explored and objectively analyzed the influence and impact of gradual aging on human bodies when performing dynamic and static balance.
Results:
It was found that, compared to the young subjects, the elders got higher stable values in the performance of static and skill balance performance, with obvious angle sway in the shoulder, hip and knee joints. On the other hand, in dynamic balance, compared to the young people, the elders’ movement reaction time was slower and the highest angle change of the joint was smaller. These facts showed that the dynamic and static balance performance of the elderly was worse than that of the younger.
Conclusion:
Dynamic and static balance measurement system is an objective evaluation tool. It can use kinematic parameters, such as joint angles and action execution time, to facilitate individualized dynamic and static balance assessment, without space constraints. At the same time, it is highly correlated with traditional functional assessment, which can help distinguish the differences of dynamic and static balance between the elderly and the young. |
