室內游泳池臭氧紫外光加氯消毒系統三鹵甲烷生成評估

Taipei Medical University Institutional Repository > 公共衛生學院 > 公共衛生學系暨研究所 > 博碩士論文 > Item 987654321/58796

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題名:	室內游泳池臭氧紫外光加氯消毒系統三鹵甲烷生成評估 THMs formation in a swimming pool treated with ozone ultraviolet light chlorine disinfection system
作者:	楊翰 Yang, Han
貢獻者:	公共衛生學系暨研究所陳叡瑜
關鍵詞:	游泳池;消毒系統;消毒副產物;三鹵甲烷 Swimming pool;Disinfection system;DBPs;THMs
日期:	2019-07-02
上傳時間:	2020-02-25 12:40:27 (UTC+8)
摘要:	加氯消毒成本低廉且管理方便，一直是游泳池中常用的消毒方法，然而水中餘氯與有機物會反應生成消毒副產物(DBPs)，其中又以三鹵甲烷(THMs)為最主要之副產物。三鹵甲烷已被許多研究證實會對人體呼吸系統造成危害，且具有致癌性。為降低泳客的健康風險，目前有利用臭氧、紫外光與加氯併用之消毒系統，期能降低含氯消毒劑之使用量及消毒副產物之產生，此種新型泳池消毒系統是否確能如預期降低三鹵甲烷的生成量值得關切，遂進行本研究。研究對象為一座已裝置臭氧、紫外光與加氯消毒系統之室內游泳池，進行為期一周連續多點之水質分析與空氣品質監測。水樣部分，於泳池四邊中點及SPA池邊中點各採集一點，每天於六個時段各採樣一次，同時測量水中溫度、酸鹼值，並記錄當時泳客人數。水樣以固相微萃取(SPME, Solid phase microextraction)前處理後，注射至氣相層析質譜儀(GC-MS)中分析四種三鹵甲烷濃度。空氣監測為即時連續監測，項目包括：溫濕度、二氧化碳、一氧化碳、二氧化氮和總揮發性有機化合物。以Excel建立檢測資料檔，利用SAS9.4進行三鹵甲烷濃度與各種環境參數及泳客人數之統計分析，評估三鹵甲烷的生成量及其受水溫、酸鹼值、餘氯量、泳客人數及出水口等環境條件之影響。研究結果顯示，本游泳池中之總三鹵甲烷濃度介於16.26µg/L -67.15µg/L，低於世界衛生組織與英國對游泳池水質之建議值，也低於台灣飲用水水質標準。泳池不同位置水樣之總三鹵甲烷及三氯甲烷濃度有差異，短邊水樣之濃度顯著高於長邊水樣，SPA池的水樣濃度則顯著低於泳池各組水樣；泳客人數和空氣中總揮發性有機物濃度與水中總三鹵甲烷濃度呈現負相關。藉由本研究之連續多點採樣設計，發現水中三鹵甲烷濃度會有空間分佈上的顯著差異，原因可能與出水口稀釋有關，可提供給後續研究及管理者做參考。此外，泳客人數和空氣中總揮發性有機物濃度與水中總三鹵甲烷濃度呈現負相關之原因，推測可能與泳客人數少且衛生習慣佳，有機物的生成速度較揮發速度慢有關。本泳池測得之三氯甲烷濃度較大部分過去研究結果低，但因單一泳池之結果無法證實本消毒方法能有效降低三鹵甲烷之生成，仍需要未來更多研究支持此假設。 Chlorine as a disinfection method in swimming pools has been used for a long time. However, free chlorine in water can combine with TOC (Total Organic compound) in water and generate DBP (Disinfection by-products) which can be harmful to human’s health. Several studies have showed that THMs (Trihalomethanes) is the most common compound be found in DBPs. In that case, how to prevent people from getting hurt by THMs is still an important issue nowadays. This study conducted a one-week continuous multi-point water analysis and air quality monitoring of an indoor swimming pool equipped with ozone, ultraviolet light and chlorination systems, and recorded the number of swimmers at the time of sampling. The water samples were pretreated with solid phase microextraction (SPME) and injected into gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to analyze the four major trihalomethane concentrations. Air quality is detected by a real-time monitor The results show that the concentrations of total trihalomethanes(TTHMs) in the swimming pool are between 16.26μg/L and 67.15μg/L, which are lower than the recommended value of the World Health Organization and the UK for swimming pool water quality, and lower than the Taiwan tap water quality standards. The concentration of TTHMs and chloroform in the water samples at different locations in the swimming pool is different. The concentrations of short-side water samples are significantly higher than long-side water samples. The water sample concentrations in SPA pool are significantly lower than that in swimming pool. The number of swimmers and total volatile organic compounds in the air are negatively correlated with the TTHMs concentration in the water.It may be because the number of swimmers is small, and the hygienic habits of swimmers are good, so that the rate of formation of organic compounds is slower than the rate of volatilization. Although the concentration of chloroform is lower than most studies before it still can’t prove the effectiveness of ozone ultraviolet light chlorine disinfection system. The results still need more studies with large sample size to confirm.
描述:	碩士指導教授：陳叡瑜委員：葉錦瑩委員：胡景堯
資料類型:	thesis
顯示於類別:	[公共衛生學系暨研究所] 博碩士論文

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