| 摘要: | 研究背景：專科護理師是一個高度專業及具困難和挑戰性的工作。當工作環境出現阻礙或不滿的情境感受或自我的價值信念發生衝突時，會引發內在的挫折感。而復原力可以在逆境時展現正面的調適，和在傷害事件中緩解潛在的危害；人格特質則會影響個人對工作、生活、情緒及壓力的判斷與處理，繼而影響其對事情的認知與看法，並表現於行為上。
研究目的:旨在探討專科護理師人格特質、工作挫折與復原力之關係及其可能的影響因素，以提供醫院管理者之參考。
研究方法：本研究設計採橫斷式問卷調查法。以實際執行臨床照護工作之專科護理師為研究對象。研究工具包括：「五大人格特質量表」、「工作挫折量表」與「復原力量表」。資料以描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定、One-way ANOVA、皮爾森積差相關與多元迴歸分析進行統計。
研究結果:本研究以北部某醫學中心之專科護理師為對象，共發出160份問卷，回收有效問卷119份，有效問卷回收率為74.4%。研究結果顯示專科護理師人格特質屬性以宜人性有73位居多，其次為嚴謹性有35位；工作挫折總分為36.97分（SD＝13.32）屬中低程度，工作挫折量表各題項得分最高前五項依序為:「不合理的預算緊縮」、「護理人力不足」、「非護理性的工作」、「使用有瑕疵的設備」及「不適當的護理人事安排」；復原力總分為67.27分（SD＝13.70），顯示整體復原力屬中等偏高程度；所屬科別（p＝0.043）、排班方式（p＝0.009）對工作挫折有顯著差異；團隊工作氣氛總分與工作挫折次量表中的「人際互動」構面呈顯著負相關（r＝-.217，p＜.05）；復原力與工作挫折總分為低的負相關（r＝-.189，p＜.05）；與團隊工作氣氛呈正相關（r＝.468，p＜.01）；專科護理師之人格特質、職稱、年齡、婚姻、學歷、進階層級、工作年資及每日照顧病人數與工作挫折及復原力皆無統計上的差異；「年齡」、「所屬科別」、「團隊工作氣氛」及「排班方式」對工作挫折有預測力；「團隊工作氣氛」與「嚴謹性人格」對復原力有預測力。
Background: The Nurse Practitioner is a highly professional, difficult and challenging occupation. When obstruction, dissatisfied feeling and conflict
between self-worthy beliefs raised in working environment may trigger the internal frustration. Resilience can show positive adjustments in adversity and mitigate potential hazards in injury events; personality traits can affect individuals' judgments and treatments of work, life, emotions and stress, furthermore their perception and opinion about things and then performed in their behavior.
Purposes: To explore the relationship among personality traits, work frustration and resilience of Nurse Practitioners and its possible influencing
factors, in order to provide reference for hospital administrators.
Method: This study design was a cross-sectional questionnaire survey method. The Nurse Practitioners who actually perform clinical care work were the research subjects. The research tools included: “Big-Five Personality Traits Scale”, “Work Frustration Scale” and “Resilience Scale”. Data were statistically analyzed with descriptive statistics, independent sample t-tests,
One-way ANOVA, Pearson's product correlation, and multiple regression analysis.
Results: This study was conducted in a medical center in northern Taiwan. Nurse Practitioners of the medical center were the subjects. A total of 160 questionnaires were sent out and 119 valid questionnaires were collected.The effective questionnaire recovery rate was 74.4%. The results showed that the personality traits of 73 Nurse Practitioners were in pleasantness mode,
followed by 35 in rigor; the total score of work frustration was 36.97 (SD=13.32),indicating moderate to low, and the top five scores of the work frustration scale items were: "unreasonable budget tightening", "insufficient nursing staff", "non-nursing work", " using defective equipment" and "inappropriate assignment of nursing personnel "; the total score of resilience
is 67.27 points (SD=13.70), indicating that the overall resilience is moderately high; the division (p=0.043) and the shift table arranging(p=0.009) have significant differences in work frustration; a significant negative correlation (r=-.217, p<.05) between the total score of “work team atmosphere” and the interpersonal interaction” facet in the work frustration subscale; the negative
correlation between resilience and work frustration was low (r=-.189, p<.05); but positively correlated with the work team atmosphere (r=.468, p<.01); there is no statistical difference in the personality traits, job titles, age, marital status, education, grade, years of working and the number of patients daily nursed for both frustration and resilience of the Nurse Practitioners; "age", "division", "work team atmosphere" and the shift table arranging" are predictive of work frustration; "work team atmosphere" and "rigorous personality" are predictive of resilience. |
