| 摘要: | 暖爐因攜帶方便，又可長時間取暖而廣為眾人所喜愛。起初，人們利用燃燒
碳棒、油料或瓦斯氣體等燃料來產生熱能，但是這種方式不但危險，而且持續時
間不長，需頻繁更換燃料，造成許多困擾。 隨著時間的推演，市面上開始出現，
各種新式懷爐。例如俗稱的暖暖包，其利用化學反應，使一袋體內之反應物可在
一段時間內產生熱能，兼具輕便易攜帶、操作容易，及安全等特性，但是暖暖包
通常是拋棄式的，只能使用一次，顯然不符合環保需求。另有一種電熱型懷爐，
其主要是利用電熱體產生熱能，現今之電熱體技術及蓄電技術在使用上無安全疑
慮，且可使電熱型懷爐長時間地、重複地使用，但是懷爐在長期與人體接觸時，
容易產生衛生方面的問題而造成使用者的困擾。因此本研究計劃以生醫純鈦、純
鍺及鈦鍺合金為主軸，探討其應用於暖爐上之熱傳影響。實驗結果發現；比較鈦、
鍺與鈦鍺合金，如果材料有較低的熱傳導，熱將集中在中央。如果想控制分佈在
整個模型用於40°至50°的溫度醫療目的，我們必須選擇至少具有高於編號合金4
之材料熱傳性質。如果形狀更加平滑與無彎曲，熱分佈會較為廣闊。然而，不同
形狀與特性的材料會造成溫度分佈發生變化，雖然在低傳導係數材料下最高溫度
幾乎是相同的。此外，如果溫度接受器不大於熱源太多時，熱會擴散更迅速且溫
度較保溫。
Because of portable heaters can easy to be carrying and could also prolonged heating, therefore it widely loved by everyone. Initially, people use combustion carbon rod, oil or gas and other fuels to generate heat, but this approach is not only dangerous, but also need frequent replacement of fuel, which will result in many problems. As time went, the market began to appear, a variety of new warmers. Such as commonly known Nuan Nuan Bao, the use of chemical reaction, so that the bag body of reactants may generate heat at a time, both light and easy to carry, easy operation, and safety features, but is usually disposable Nuan Nuan Bao can only be used once, apparently do not meet environmental requirements. Another kind of electric type warmers, which is mainly the use of electric body generates heat, the heating element technology and today's storage technology in the use of no safety concerns, and to lead to electric type warmers long, repeated use, but warmers in the long-term contact with the body, prone to health problems caused by the user's problems. The analytical results demonstrated that the thermal will concentrate on the center if the materials have lower thermal conduction as compare with Ti, Ge and Ti-Ge alloy. If we want to control the temperature between 40°C to 50°C distributed on the full model for the medical purpose, we have to choose the materials which
have the similar properties with alloy 4. The thermal is widely distributed if the shape is more smoothly. The different shape and characteristic property of material will also change the distribution although there max temperature is almost being the same with low thermal conductivity. If the temperature accepter is not too much bigger than the
heat source, the thermal will dispread more quickly and keep warm. |
