| 摘要: | 臺灣婦女的缺鐵盛行率高達34.1%，故本次研究於2010年在署立基隆醫院推動健康職場女性員工鐵改善計畫。共招募67名醫院工作的女性員工，年齡從18歲～55歲。4個月的營養教育計劃內容包括缺鐵性貧血的定義，鐵豐富的食物，如何達到飲食鐵的建議和提高鐵吸收的膳食技能。研究中以3天飲食日記計算飲食鐵攝取量，以問卷調查知識，態度和行為。在介入前、介入後第4和14個月，進行採血液、飲食日記和問卷調查。結果顯示：受試者的知識、態度、行為和飲食鐵攝取量在介入前、後皆有顯著增加。但是觀察血紅素和鐵蛋白等在研究過程中皆無顯著差異。以鐵蛋白在12.0 μg/L的切點，若將受試者分成正常鐵蛋白（NF）組和低鐵組（LF）分析其數值。結果得NF組的血紅素和鐵蛋白平均值分別為13.2 ± 0.1 mg / dL，49.1 ± 6.7 μg/L；LF組為11.4 ± 0.2 mg / dL，6.9 ± 0.6 μg/L。LF組的知識表現在4個月和14個月顯著高於NF組。但是，NF組比LF組在第4個月和14個月有顯著較高濃度的鐵蛋白。結論：本次婦女鐵改善計畫介入，對於健康職場女性員工確實有改善其知識，態度，行為和飲食鐵的攝取量。
The prevalence of iron deficiency in female in Taiwan was 12.7%, this study was carried out to examine the effect of educational approach to improve iron status on healthy workplace female worker in Keelung Hospital, which located in north Taiwan in 2010. Sixty-seven women hospital staffs were recruited in this study, aged from 18~55 years old. This four months nutrition education program included to teach the definition of iron deficiency anemia, iron rich foods, how to achieve iron recommendation and enhance iron absorption dietary skill, etc. Dietary iron intake was surveyed by 3-day dietary diary, as well as knowledge, attitude and behavior by questionnaire. In the beginning of intervention, and after 4 months and 14months, blood samples, dietary diary and questionnaire were taken from the subjects. There was significant increase in subjects’ knowledge, attitude, behavior and iron intake compare with before and after intervention. No significant differences observed in hemoglobin and ferritin during the study. According to the ferritin 12.0 μg/L cut point, we analyzed subjects’ data into normal ferritin (NF) group and low ferritin group (LF). Mean ± SE of serum hemoglobin and ferritin concentrations in NF group were 13.2 ± 0.1 mg/dl, 49.1 ± 6.7 μg/L; 11.4 ± 0.2 mg/dL, 6.9 ± 0.6 μg/L in LF group. LF group’s knowledge performance in 4th month and 14th month were significant higher than NF group. But NF group had significantly higher concentrations of ferritin in 4th month and 14th month than LF group. Therefore, this educational approach to improve iron status program increases their knowledge, attitude behavior and iron intake of hospital female workers. |
