孩童口部接觸行為及土壤攝入量之季節影響

Taipei Medical University Institutional Repository > 公共衛生暨營養學院 > 公共衛生學系暨研究所 > 碩博論文 > Item 987654321/50368

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题名:	孩童口部接觸行為及土壤攝入量之季節影響 The effect of seasonality on mouthing behavior and soil ingestion among children
作者:	溫婉廷 Wen, Wan-Ting
贡献者:	簡伶朱
关键词:	孩童,口部接觸行為,土壤攝入量 children,mouthing behavior,soil ingestion
日期:	2013-06-27
上传时间:	2018-09-27 15:09:39 (UTC+8)
摘要:	土壤、落塵中的有害毒性物質會藉由攝入途徑進入孩童體內(例如:口部接觸行為以及非飲食攝入)，對身體造成有害的影響，對三歲以下的孩童而言，誤食土壤及落塵是一個重要暴露途徑。本研究目的為量化土壤和落塵之攝入量以及台灣本地孩童的口部行為，於不同期間(季節)進行測量，瞭解土壤的條件(濕度、類型等等)對於土壤的接觸量、皮膚附著量及攝入率的影響。所有受試對象為台灣北部、中部及南部三個地區的孩童，使用錄影拍攝的方式紀錄一天中連續兩小時以上的活動情形，收集土壤、落塵、食物以及孩童糞便並且使用追蹤元素法來估計土壤及落塵之攝入量。由錄影方式轉譯出的結果顯示，夏季孩童手到口及非飲食物體到口接觸頻率的中位數分別為8.57及9.45次/小時，手到口及非飲食物體到口接觸時間的中位數分別為0.18及0.40分/小時。冬季孩童的手到口及非飲食物體到口接觸頻率的中位數分別為6.41及8.04次/小時，手到口及非飲食物體到口接觸時間的中位數分別為0.16及0.25分/小時。非飲食攝入的部分，夏季孩童物體到口的接觸頻率與年齡呈現顯著地負相關。夏冬兩季的口部接觸頻率與時間，並無季節差異。夏季土壤中鈦及矽的濃度範圍分別為3.61-11.9及17.1-260 g/kg，冬季為6.14-12.3及56.1-289 g/kg。夏季落塵中鈦及矽的濃度範圍分別為3.41-21.8及2.35-105 g/kg，冬季為1.46-16.6、0.60-147 g/kg。夏季食物中鈦及矽的濃度範圍分別為及41.6-5020、2340-70400 mg/kg，冬季為171-3260、848-31600 mg/kg。夏季孩童糞便中鈦及矽的濃度範圍分別為及1480-9080、810-85900 mg/kg，冬季為684-2640、8020-93100 mg/kg。以鈦為追蹤元素時，夏季孩童的土壤攝入量平均值為246 mg/day，冬季為44.6 mg/day。矽為追蹤元素，夏季孩童的土壤攝入量為121 mg/day，冬季為92.5 mg/day。在追蹤元素鈦所估計的夏季土壤攝入量與手部到口部的接觸時間成正相關，達統計上顯著差異(p=0.02)，即孩童手到口部的接觸時間越長，土壤攝入量越高。 Harmful toxic substances in soil and dust may enter children’s body through ingestion (ex. mouthing contact behavior and non-dietary ingestion) causing adverse effect. Soil and dust ingetion thus becomes a critical exposure pathway for children, especial for age under 3 years old. The objective of this study is to quantify the soil and dust ingestion and local mouthing behavior for children in Taiwan. Measurements are conducted in different time periods (season) of the year to better understand the influence of soil conditions (wetness, type, etc.) on the amount of soil contacted, adhered to skin, and then ingestion rate. All subjects were collected from northern, central and southern Taiwan. We recorded their daily activities over 2 hour period of time by using videography techniques. Soil, dust, food and children’s feces are sampled to estimate soil and dust ingestion based on tracer mass balance method. Results from translation of the videography data indicated that the median hand-to-mouth and object-to-mouth contact frequencies were 8.57 and 9.45 events/h, respectively. The median hand-to-mouth and object-to-mouth durations were 0.18 and 0.40 min/h in summer, respectively. In winter, the median hand-to-mouth and object-to-mouth contact frequencies were 6.41 and 8.04 events/h; the median hand-to-mouth and object-to-mouth durations were 0.16 and 0.25 min/h. The non-dietary object-to-mouth contact frequencies were significantly negative correlation with age in summer. There was no significantly different in mouth contact frequency and time between summer and winter. The concentration range for titanium and silicon in soil is 3.61-11.9 and 17.1-260 g/kg in summer; 6.14-12.3 and 56.1-289 g/kg in winter. The concentration for titanium and silicon in dust was 3.41-21.8 and 2.35-105 g/kg in summer and 1.46-16.6 and 0.60-147 g/kg in winter. The concentration for titanium and silicon in food was 41.6-5020 and 2340-70400 mg/kg in summer; 171-3260 and 848-31600 mg/kg in winter. The concentration for titanium and silicon in children’s fecal are ranged from 1480 to 9080 and 810 to 85900 mg/kg in summer; 684-2640 and 8020-93100 mg/kg in winter. The estimates for soil ingestion rates based on the Ti tracer were 246 mg/day in summer and 44.6 mg/day in winter. The estimates for soil ingestion rates based on the Si tracer were 121 mg/day in summer and 92.5 mg/day in winter.The duration of hand-to-mouth was positive correlative to soil ingestion rate based on the Ti tracer in summer (p=0.02). It indicated that if children had longer duration of hand-to-mouth then they will have higher soil ingestion rates.
描述:	碩士論文委員-毛義方委員-胡景堯指導教授-簡伶朱
数据类型:	thesis
显示于类别:	[公共衛生學系暨研究所] 碩博論文

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